Activity Based Learning in Commerce Education Essay

Professional training covers instruction and ability created at all levels from present essential on tertiary training both through formal and non-formal program. Specialized and Vocational Education, characterized it as a â€Å"Comprehensive expression grasping those parts of the instructive procedure including, notwithstanding broad training, the investigation of innovations and related sciences and the obtaining of functional abilities, mentalities, comprehension and information identifying with occupations in the different divisions of monetary and public activity. The primary targets of the professional instruction are to satisfy the national objectives of advancement and the evacuation of joblessness and destitution, to confer training applicable to expanded creation and profitability, monetary turn of events and individual flourishing, to address the issue for talented and center level labor for the developing divisions of economy, both sorted out and disorderly, to draw in sizeable portion of populace to changed professional courses in order to lessen the race to general training courses of colleges and foundations for higher learning and to plan understudies for independence and beneficial independent work. The essential goal of Commerce instruction the arrangement of individuals to enter upon a business profession, or having entered upon such a vocation, to render progressively effective assistance in that and to progress from their current degrees of work to more significant levels. † During the post autonomy period, business instruction has risen as one of the most likely interests in the wake of industrialization. The vast majority of the Education Commissions have held that trade instruction is essentially implied for giving the understudies top to bottom information on various useful zones of business in order to get ready individuals required by the network for the reasons for exchange, business and industry. Business action is available in pretty much consistently to-day action that happens in our condition. Formal courses at schools and universities are just efficient, insightful introductions/records of the experience. For showing any subject adequately as a matter of first importance educator ought to be clear about its general just as explicit destinations of every theme/ideas since this will just assistance the instructor in choosing the suitable methodology and strategy for instructing as per the substance. So for showing business viably educator must be careful with the destinations of showing trade at all levels. Business is a subject which is exceptionally near us, so for viable instructing of trade it is tied in with tuning in, addressing, being responsive, and recalling that every understudy and class is extraordinary. For this educator ought to embrace Socratic guidance approach. It’s about evoking reactions and building up the oral relational abilities of the calm understudies. It’s about pushing understudies to exceed expectations, which is essential prerequisite of business educating. Business is where an instructor can utilize all the strategies adequately, for example, address, conversation, pretending, course, directed just as free examination, venture strategy, field trip, and so on. A significant concern anyway is that instructor ought to really utilize these strategies in study hall educating. Action technique is very reasonable for showing Commerce as a Vocational Subject. In the wards of Rousseau, â€Å"Instead of making the youngster stick to is books keep him occupied in workshop where his hands will work to the benefit of his psyche. † Thus learning by doing, by action and experience is the first and the most natured type of learning. One of the contentions against utilizing these strategies is that they devour additional time yet in the event that we utilize various techniques as indicated by the necessities of the substance, at that point it will help in accomplishing HOTS simultaneously they are not in any manner tedious. For instance on the off chance that you field trip as a technique for encouraging financial it will devour at the most two-three hours to take understudies to the close by bank and watch the elements of the workers of the bank and afterward the educator can simply talk about the perceptions of the understudies in the study hall and with this the part will be finished. This will likewise help in maintenance of information for longer period. This is likewise one of the approaches to encourage learning I. e. relating the educational plan to the student’s ways of life. Educating of trade can be made progressively compelling by relating the subject/content with the day by day life of the understudies and business is such a subject who can be connected with the day by day life of the understudies by giving models, by embracing venture based learning technique. Directly from the earliest starting point we are stating that trade is a down to earth subject just as identified with reality, so for showing it viably we ought to support students’ interest. For understudies cooperation educator ought to give chance to understudies to pose inquiries, answer inquiries in an important way, offer testing and provocative thoughts, plan intelligent exercises, show endorsement for students’ thoughts, fuse student’s thoughts into exercises, and ask understudies whether they have comprehended the idea before continuing. Keeping in see the significance of movement technique for trade training we present this paper entitled â€Å"Activity Based Learning in Commerce Education †With Special Reference to Vocational Commerce Education†. The primary targets of this paper is to: †¢Describe the significance and significance of movement based instruction. †¢Apprise the Service Activities in business based professional training. †¢Explain the Internship/On-the Job Training exercises in business based professional instruction. †¢Analyze the School/College based Enterprise Education †Production-cum Training exercises in business based professional instruction. †¢Examine Education and Business Partnership/Institute †Industry Linkages action in trade based professional instruction. Which means and Importance of Activity based Learning Action based guidance includes the exercises. This is in inverse of unadulterated talks. It implies hands-on ways to deal with guidance, utilizing manipulative to draw in different faculties, rather than simply tuning in to a talk. For example, the educator utilized note cards in an exercise to show total subjects and predicates. On the note cards he composed (from a brief) total subjects and complete predicates, separate from one another, and had the understudies discover their match. Instead of simply listen the educator mentions to them what the distinctions are, they see them, assess them, and integrate them. Action bases guidance rotates around understudies adapting however hands-on exercises. This strategy can be incredible, particularly for material students. It separates the dreariness of the fundamental educator drove address; understudies tune in and take notes framework. Let’s face it, not all understudies gain from tuning in to their educator drone on for 50-an hour and a half daily. Action based permits understudies to exhibit a comprehension of the material and, as a rule, work with an accomplice or gathering, which prompts socialization Activity based learning, then again, assists youngsters with interfacing their figuring out how to reality and urges them to inventive thoughts. At long last, it is just imagination that prompts way breaking revelations and creations on the planet. Movement based learning, in this manner, holds the way to better and increasingly pertinent training. What is Hands-On Learning? Hands-on learning will be learning by doing. Hands-on learning includes getting things while doing and encountering them which as we probably am aware are the most elevated type of comprehension. This should be possible through straightforward exercises and toys dependent on basic logical standards which intently reenact genuine situations, give enough degree for advancement and challenge and make learning science fun and energizing. Professional instruction has consistently gotten that on the off chance that you need somebody to figure out how to fix a car, you need a car to fix. On the off chance that you need to instruct somebody to cook, you put the person in question in a kitchen. Did anybody know about instructing somebody to swim in a conventional homeroom? In like manner, we do accept we are discovering that so as to really show science, we should â€Å"do† science. Hands-on learning implies various things to various individuals. It has become a motto and is regularly used to portray any exercises in study halls that utilization materials. Hands-on learning, be that as it may, isn't just controlling things. It is taking part in top to bottom examinations with objects, materials, marvels, and thoughts and drawing importance and comprehension from those encounters. Different expressions for this are request learning, hands-on, and minds-on learning. Learning by very much arranged exercises and encounters in an all around built program is a quality instructional methodology. It makes understudies depend on the proof rather than upon power (reference book, serve, specialist, text, instructor, parent). Most understudies live in a dictator world with practically no chance to rehearse dynamic on the grounds that about everybody instructs understudies and when to do it. We constantly graduate understudies, who don't yet be able to set up a basic test with controlled factors, gather and decipher proof, or make right understandings dependent on that proof gives understudies a comparable arrangement of encounters so everybody can take an interest in conversations on a level playing field paying little mind to their financial status. Along these lines, unique advantages are not granted to the individuals who, by temperance of their riches or foundation, have a more noteworthy number of encounters under their belts powers understudy thinking by requiring translation of the watched occasions, instead of retention of right reactions. Movement based learning strategy is embraced in professional trade training in +2 level Vocational Education Program and created educational plans and instructional material. For advancement o

Discuss politics and power in the workplace. What is an example of an Term Paper

Talk about legislative issues and force in the work environment. What is a case of a suitable utilization of intensity What is a case of a wrong utilization of intensity, and why - Term Paper Example The idea of intensity originates from the idea of order in an association and in this manner power must be applied to complete work. Henceforth power sponsored with legislative issues is a fundamental power to make change in an association which prompts development. Force and governmental issues can be utilized in both positive and negative ways. A reasonable utilization of intensity in suitable manners to control and screen representatives with solid authority characteristics can bring both fulfillment at the work environment and enormous prizes for the association. Conversely intense control and maltreatment of capacity to rule others is very unsafe for both the laborers and the association. Since power is constantly a bone of conflict in the working environment, its legitimate utilization can be dubious. Proper utilization of intensity should bring about the type of glad, battled representatives, a quiet working environment and effective execution. In any case, in no way, shape or form should the position prevent from applying vital capacity to forestall irritating the workers. A proper utilization of intensity will be remunerating representatives on their presentation. This force can without much of a stretch outcome in the support of the positive exercises of the specialist. These prizes don't really need to be substantial however they can be little elusive gestures of recognition which can be extremely important for the representative and will support his resolve. (7 kinds of intensity in the workplace)Efficient utilization of intensity is likewise making the correct harmony between being a uninformed pioneer and being a control crack. The representatives ought not h ave the option to exploit the supervisor tolerance however at the same time ought not be exhausted of his micromanagement and analysis. The correct approaches to utilize power is reliant upon the association and the laborers however they all outcome in better execution, successful initiative and fulfilled representatives. When applying power, it is anything but difficult to go too far and misuse it in light of the fact that with power comes the inclination to abuse it. In proper utilization of intensity will

The Idea of National Interest

The Idea of National Interest The Idea of National Interest Home›Consideration Posts›The Idea of National Interest Consideration PostsShould Government Use Propaganda to Persuade Citizens to Support its Idea of National Interest?The definition of the word propaganda is highly debatable due to the fact that there are various forms of propaganda but a simpler way could be that propaganda is any information, ideas or rumours deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, a movement, institution, nation, etc. It can also be defined as the deliberate spreading of such information, or the particular doctrines or principles propagated by an organization or movement. Propaganda is therefore information or ideas, the spreading of such information and the means by which the ideas are spread to either help or harm individual(s) (Evonne, 74). propaganda can be in forms of adverts i.e. using strong statements to state your product as the best in the market, an appeal to convince subjects that one side is the winning side or feeding subjects with only positive ideas and omitting the contrary information.The government should not use propaganda to persuade its citizens to support its ideas of national interests; this is because propagandas are always based on one side of opinion neglecting the contrary ideas or information which could otherwise be of equal importance to the subjects. They always aim at moving the subjects to join a crowd or common multitude just because others are doing so or due to selfishness but not on concrete reasons. This is exemplified by the World War 1 in which all nations that participated used propaganda posters not only as a means of justifying involvement in the war but also as a means of procuring men, money and resources from their citizens to sustain the military neglecting the wars effects on the people (Evonne, 78).Propagandas are known to always focus on one perspective of a topic, supporting it at all costs while neglecting the minority’s opinion. T his is a very wrong approach in today’s world where diplomacy has taken preference such that the majority should have their way while the minority have their say (Gardner, McDevitt, Hoogeveen and Scully, 160).It is therefore very inappropriate that in a world governed by democracy where each citizen has a right to speak his/her mind and make personal decisions is influenced by propaganda from his or her own government.

A World Without Secrets By Peter Singer - 1276 Words

Is Too Much, Too Much: Struggle Towards Privacy In a Democracy As a growing topic of discussion, privacy in our society has stirred quite some concern. With the increase of technology and social networking our standards for privacy have been altered and the boundary between privacy and government has been blurred. In the article, Visible Man: Ethics in a World Without Secrets, Peter Singer addresses the different aspects of privacy that are being affected through the use of technology. The role of privacy in a democratic society is a tricky endeavor, however, each individual has a right to privacy. In our society, surveillance undermines privacy and without privacy there can be no democracy. Privacy is a natural right that needs to be kept because if it is not a free society cannot function as one. If we give up our total privacy, we give up our freedom, which in essence throws away our liberal society. Every individual enjoys the act of being alone because it allows him or her to be themselves without facing any type of judgment. Every individual would cringe at the thought of being watched at all hours, while eating, sleeping, communicating, or participating in another activity. I would would feel embarrassed and petrified to know that every time I took a shower I was being watched. Everyone enjoys his or her right to privacy in America. In my opinion, the government has no right to invade our privacy because not everyone is a criminal and gather all this informationShow MoreRelatedCensorship, A World Without Secrets By Peter Singer985 Words   |  4 Pages Privacy is defined by Dictionary.com as â€Å"freedom from damaging publicity, public scrutiny, secret surveillance, or unauthorized disclosure of one’s personal data or information†. This is something that most people value extremely highly. From everyday civilians to government officials, everybody wants some level of privacy. Many say surveillance technology denies them the right to priva cy that they are given at birth as American citizens. However, there should be a small amount of wiggle room whenRead MoreCensorship, A World Without Secrets By Peter Singer988 Words   |  4 PagesSurveilling the Government Privacy is defined by Dictionary.com as â€Å"freedom from damaging publicity, public scrutiny, secret surveillance, or unauthorized disclosure of one’s personal data or information†. This is something that most people value extremely highly. From everyday civilians to government officials, everybody wants some level of privacy. Many say surveillance technology denies them the right to privacy that they are given at birth as American citizens. However, there should be a smallRead MoreVisible M Ethics And A World Without Secrets1399 Words   |  6 Pagescommunication resources as means to keep a watchful eye over their citizens. 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It has become an essential part of the way that people live and it is very likely that people would be a loss without it. In â€Å"Ethics and the New Genetics,† the Dalai Lama claims that to ethically use new technological advancements we need to develop a â€Å"moral compass†. Peter Singer, in â€Å"Visible Man: Ethics in a World without Secrets,† discusses whether new technology andRead MorePrivacy in the Online World Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pagesover the world access the Internet, and when private information is posted online one person is going to be able to view that information no matter the privacy setting a pers on may use. The first article that I will use is â€Å"Who Is This Man, and Why Is He Screaming?† by Rachel Kadish. This article is about the author writing an article about her cousin Noam Galai. Galai took a photo of him self and posted it on Flickr. Months later he realized that his image was being used all around the world. The secondRead MorePrivacy Is Utterly Dead By Peter Singer1257 Words   |  6 Pages Privacy is Utterly Dead Peter Singer is the Ira W. DeCamp Professor at Princeton University and the University of Melbourne that studies Bioethics, Philosophy and Public Ethnics. This essay â€Å"Visible Man: Ethnics in a World without Secrets† focuses on transparency and personal privacy. One can see after reading this essay, Singer is in favor of openness, but he also notes that the government misuses these technologies. Privacy is defined â€Å"as the claim of individuals, groups to determine when, howRead MoreThe, Visible M Ethics And The New Genetics867 Words   |  4 Pagessociety that is constantly evolving.This evolution has outpacing our society expectations. With technological advances’ unfolding right in front of our eyes, the line between what is moral and immoral has been blurred. In Peter Singer’s â€Å"Visible Man: Ethics in a World Without Secrets† and the Dalai Lama’s â€Å"Ethics and the New Genetics† both authors present the potential benefit s of today’s advancements but also make it clear that theses advancements have molded our ethical and moral standards. WithRead MoreThe Internet Has Changed The Meaning Of Privacy1554 Words   |  7 PagesThe loss of liberty does not always equate to a gain in security. Privacy is a freedom that is integral to the American way of life. In Visible Man: Ethics in a World Without Secrets, Peter Singer discusses what society theoretically gains versus what is actually lost when people live in a state of mass surveillance. According to Singer, Jeremy Bentham s Panopticon, a round building with an observation tower in the center that has a view of everything, exists in society in a different form: through

Video 9 Talent Management Yakup Ozcelik - 953 Words

Video 9: Talent Management Yakup Ozcelik 1. (a) The video introduces an employee that works in packaging and a store manager. What career stages would apply to these two specific employees? Explain your answer. In this video Will is working in packaging and Laurie Barnell works as like manager. Will who is Early Career Stage because co-owner said he came in new and Laurie Barnell is in the Late Career Stage. (b) Is Metropolitan Bakery providing development for each of these employees that is appropriate to their career stage? Explain by including at least one example of a development initiative for each employee that is presented in the video. I say yes, because the†¦show more content†¦Wendy Smith-Born said every person that comes into Metropolitan has an orientation .We have a script that everybody follows, the same script. We have a quiz at the end of the training Also James Barrett said I m interested in teaching and nurturing and developing one s talent. In the early days, I worked with several programs to help rehabilitate, or to help people who have been through the prison system, or alcohol or substance abuse, and now they re trying to progress and transfer back into society. So I was very into that kind of development. 3. a)From the video, does Metropolitan Bakery have a â€Å"make† or a â€Å"buy† attitude toward acquiring talent? They have make attitude because they are getting employees from zero and they rae training and developing to be a good workers. (b) What evidence does the video give of this? Such as James Barrett is saying teaching and nurturing and developing one s talent. 4. Would Metropolitan Bakery’s approach to employee development reflect an organization-centered approach to career planning or an individual-centered approach to career planning? Explain your answer. It look like both an organization-centered approach and an individual-centered approach to career planning. When they are training and developing to them at the same time they are growing too. Video 12: Variable Pay and Executive Compensation 1. (a) Bright Horizons’ variable pay plans are

Organized Crime Free Essays

Organized Crime The Mongols Outlaw Motorcycle Club was founded in the East Los Angeles area, (City of Montebello,) in the late 60’s. It originally had ten members and all of them have had some type of contact with law enforcement. As the club grew, other chapters were formed and they rapidly expanded throughout the State of California. We will write a custom essay sample on Organized Crime or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Mongols quickly got involved in criminal activity, as means to support their club and lavish lifestyles. These crimes included the sale of narcotics, (predominantly Methamphetamine,) money laundering, robbery, extortion, firearms’ violations, murder, and assault, among other crimes. An organization of this type is formed by a group of individuals, whom predominantly come from an upbringing lacking educational and financial opportunities, and were raised in a broken home where one or both parents were not present. In the year 2008, the club president at the time, Ruben â€Å"Doc† Cavazos, made several poor choices, which brought federal indictments on himself and the rest of club members. Doc Cavazos was subsequently sentenced to 20 years in federal prison and prosecutors requested an injunction that prohibited club members and their families from possessing and/or wearing anything associated with the Mongols. In the same town, another former club president and founder of the Mongols, Alfonso â€Å"Big Al† Aceves, serves as a program director at The Rivers Edge Church. After a life of violence, drugs and serving time in prison, Big Al committed his life to Jesus Christ and began his journey as a Christian. Two men with the same background and chasing the same selfish goals; both earned the highest position in the same organization, one was swallowed by deception and the other was granted redemption Organized crime or criminal organizations are the international, national or local highly centralized enterprises ran by criminals for the purpose of engaging in illegal activity, most commonly for monetary profit. Some criminal organizations, such as terrorist organizations are politically motivated. An outlaw motorcycle gang is designed in a paramilitary system. There is a chain of command and ranks within this criminal enterprise. There is uniformity in the way they dress, (commonly known as â€Å"Colors,†) and they are obligated to ride the same make of motorcycles, (typically Harley Davidson. ) As in other criminal organizations, members operate by a code and they pledge an oath of death, should they decide to leave, (or â€Å"drop-out,†) the organization. Ruben â€Å"Doc† Cavazos was born and raised only by his father in Highland Park, in 1957. As he grew up, he became a member of The Avenues Gang of Highland Park, (a gang deemed involved in organized crime. ) During his late teen years, Doc Cavazos ended up serving time in county jail for a variety of crimes, but later earned a license to work as a radiology technician, hence the nickname â€Å"Doc. † It was evident Doc Cavazos wanted to live a life of crime and violence and after getting tired of earning an honest living, he decided to join the Mongols. Doc Cavazos rapidly moved up in the ranks and subsequently became the international president of the club. Doc Cavazos’ overconfident demeanor generated a lot attention not only amongst the other outlaw motorcycle gangs, but also amongst local and federal law enforcement agencies. Several search warrants were served at Doc Cavazos’ homes and businesses and he always displayed a cocky attitude with police officers and federal agents during the raids. He always had the financial means and legal counsel to get him out of jail on bail within 24 hours from being arrested. However, Doc Cavazos’ own arrogance would become the tool not only law enforcement agents, but also his own troops would utilize to seal his doom. Doc Cavazos’ biggest mistake within his organization was to begin recruiting members of the 18th Street Gang with affiliations with the Mexican Mafia and foreign drug cartels. This decision created tumult amongst Mongol’s members, since these 18th Street gang members did not own Harley Motorcycles, which is a must requirement for club members. It was evident to the rest of the Mongols that Doc Cavazos was mostly interested in troop numbers and the expansion of the drug, extortion and racketeering trades, than maintaining the oath he once pledged. Unbeknownst to Doc Cavazos was that this expansion of the club would open a bigger door for law enforcement to infiltrate confidential informants into the Mongols’ organization to gather intelligence. Within a short period of time, Doc Cavazos, his son Junior and the rest of club members found themselves with No Bail federal indictments and an injunction for their club. Before Doc Cavazos was sentenced to 20 years in federal prison, he was voted out from his position as the president of the Mongols. Doc Cavazos now sits in protective custody within the federal prison system, since a bounty et by his Mongol brothers will be awarded to the one who kills him. Alfonso â€Å"Big Al† Aceves grew up in East Los Angeles with no parental support and became what is commonly known in the criminal world as â€Å"The Enforcer,† by the age of 18. Big Al would get paid to collect monies from drug sales from subjects who would refuse or would be late in paying the drug lords. Ac cording to Big Al, he would prefer these subjects not pay, so he could have a reason to kill them. At almost 20 years-old, Big Al joined the armed forces and became a member of the 101st Airborne, which fought in Vietnam. Big Al said during an interview in reference to his military recruitment, â€Å"What is better than to kill people, is to legally kill people and get paid for it. † Upon his return from Vietnam, Big Al had various run-ins with the law and this prompted him to create an outlaw motorcycle club, which he called, the Mongols. His experience in the military also gave him the foundation to create a criminal organization. Big Al quickly became known for his violent behavior and ability to make money by illegal means. This earned him a reputation in the criminal world and the Mongols began to grow in size and in violent acts. Big Al ended up serving several county jail and prison sentences for a variety of major crimes. By the time he met his wife, who already had six children from a previous relationship, Big Al’s strength as a gang leader had begun to deteriorate; based on his drug consumption. Big Al became extremely addicted to Heroin and his earnings in the criminal world were not enough to maintain his drug habit and in turn, to provide for his family. Big Al and his family lost it all and became homeless with nowhere to go. There was a Christian family who met Big Al and his family, and they took them into their home. The head of that family told Big Al that the only thing he required of him was to read a Bible verse with him once a day. As time went by, Big Al was asked if he was willing to ask Jesus Christ into his heart and he yielded. He began his walk as a Christian, but there were still some challenges to face. There was still one pending case for an attempt to plant a bomb and Big Al served time in federal prison for this crime. Another challenge he faced was going through Heroin withdrawals which considering his excessive drug abuse, could have been lethal. Upon his released from prison, he met with his wife and family at the airport and the first thing Big Al told his wife was, â€Å"We are going back to church. † Big Al now serves as a counselor at a local church and he has spoken in hundreds of speaking engagements. He has also become the mentor to many, just as he, whom had led a life of crime and violence, and have now found forgiveness and redemption in Jesus Christ. We find two men of the same ethnicity, growing up in the same city, initially trying to embark in a legitimate career, but then deceived into returning to a lawless lifestyle. They both rose to power and temporarily enjoyed their status and sumptuous ways of living only to find out in the end that it was all meaningless. One of these men finds himself captive and in fear for his life, while the other, although having been tried and faced severe consequences, has finally found true freedom and deliverance in Jesus Christ. In the same sense, we see how these two men with similar upbringings and the lack of parental love and guidance were easily snared into a life of crime and violence; supporting socio-cultural statistics. Works Cited â€Å"Al Aceves: Hard Core No More. † The 700 Club. Interview by Gordon Robertson. CBN. 19 Dec. 2012. Television. The River’s Edge Ranch. â€Å"Al Aceves. † A remarkable testimony. Web. www. theriversedgeranch. org/about-us/staff/316763. aspx[-0] Cavazos, Ruben â€Å"Doc†. Honor Few, Fear None. New York: Basic, 2008. Print. [-0] – http://www. theriversedgeranch. org/about-us/staff/316763. aspx How to cite Organized Crime, Papers

Memo to Chiquita Brands International free essay sample

Since the present problem is a serious nature threatening the existence of a big player in the banana market, I have tried to go back to history of the company of highly political nature of the international policy making in this trade. I have tried to understand the role of protectionism in the global banana market as it has created a lot of problems for players like Chiquita Brands International. After a careful evaluation of the whole issue threatening the existence of our company, I have tried to find the way out. Politics and Chiquita Brand International It appears that Chiquita Brands International and politics have been intertwined with the birth of the company. The history of the company that dates back to 1870 has seen involvement of the company in trades to far off places. Right from the very first sale to North American markets the company seemed to move farther and farther to cater to newer markets and make big profits. We will write a custom essay sample on Memo to Chiquita Brands International or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Doing business in a foreign country brings in certain degree of uncertainty as the business has to work foreign legal framework governing business there. The company enjoyed a position of unchallenged power in Latin American region where it produced banana crops on its own land. Through banana trade, the company virtually controlled economies of the nations in Latin America. The company owned not only vast expanses of land in these countries but also owned roads, rail tracks, transportation networks as these were very crucial in banana business. The sheer size of business operations of the company in the region brought company owners closer to the governments of these banana producing nations, and further led to company’s control over politics of the region. Even the US government ensured business interests of the company in unstable areas by sending marines to safeguard company’s assets. The company not only enjoyed the ultimate power in its production base of Latin America but also ruled the European markets by taking over a 45% share. The present crisis of the company has a lot to do with politics as the European nations want to restrict US companies and give protection to their former colonies as regards banana trade is concerned. Although the company tried to solve the issue through political channels, the company must look into its overall functioning to assess the reasons for its downfall. The restrictive and discriminatory conditions imposed by EU are common for all the players in the market but other players are not under similar adverse conditions of financial crisis. This proves that although politics has played a role for good as well as bad for the company, the problem lies somewhere else. The fact that the European market has given preferential treatment to ACP region as against Latin American and other non-preferred regions right from 1975 and still United Fruits Company managed to increase its volumes, its profits and its grip over the world. The EU’s new banana regime seems to be unfavorable for the company but the fact that EU managed to break Latin American region by signing a framework agreement to give preferential treatment to certain nations and weaken GATT petition shows that Lindner’s political management is much poorer than the people who were managing United Fruit Company. In fact, Lindner understands the importance of politics in running such a big business empire and that is why has indulged in political funding and taking help of politicians and legal framework like section 301 of USTR. He has approached the whole issue from a political thinking that became problem of international politics that needs to be settled through politics. Protectionism in global banana market – Good or bad? The present crisis being faced by the company seems to be a result of protectionism in the global banana market. Ideally there should be no restriction for free flow of goods and services but this is not true. There is hardly any field where restrictions are not present in trade as the nation/region imposing those restrictions wants to protect local economies from tough international competition. Banana industry is no exception to this general rule. The world is still in a transition phase as regards real integration of the world trade into an ideal single market. Undoubtedly the protectionism has played a spoil sport for big players in banana market but at the same time provided much needed support to developing nations especially ACP region that formed former colonies of Britain and France. The trade barriers proved successful for the less-efficient producers as they got protection against bigger players. Such a strategy can provide control to smaller entities in growing bigger and providing tough competition in the market. Despite the protectionist policies of European region as regards banana trade the US companies and those from other parts of the world have made good money out of it. The trade has been quite profitable through all these years and has rather stopped this industry from becoming a home-ground for one or two big players only. The fact that this business needs a lot of capital, this industry is likely to go into the hands of a few big corporations. These restrictions can be justified on the grounds that banana produce from less efficient production bases needs to be sold for the economic welfare of producing nations. This has rather opened an opportunity for companies to foray into new production sites and develop those nations as Chiquita helped developing Latin American economies through its business empire. Company’s approach to EU’s Banana Policy Since the company, throughout its history, has enjoyed political support in the Latin American region and the US, Keith E. Lindner’s approach to solve the problem through political channels seems quite obvious. Instead of taking proactive action in securing its position in EU markets by securing more licenses or creating new production base in EU preferred regions, company depended more on political links. However, the political power came under suspicion as EU prevented attempts of a strong GATT petition by dividing Latin American region by signing a Framework Agreement with a couple of nations and giving them better access to European markets. This should be considered as a political disaster for the company as it further restricted the company’s business in European region. Lindner filed section 301 petition with USTR only after the company had already lost a sizable market share to its competitors in the European region. Although the step was in the right direction but it was too late. Instead of directly going for asking for action against Latin American signatories to the framework agreement the company should have used its political resources to lobby as one entity. Instead Lindner approached Bob Dole, Kansas Senator to put pressure on these countries as they seemed to soft targets against political pressure given the fact that they were developing nations and were dependent on US for a lot of things. Dole not only helped Lindner to get his section 301 application through but also put pressure on the US government to relate banana regime with passage of GATT. Lindner and Bob Dole did their best to get the banana regime highlighted and corrective measures taken by the government but it failed as the two were exposed by the media. Due to political reasons Bob had to back out as he could not fully justify his all out support for a company that had major part of its operations and assets outside US. Although Bob backed out of the political game plan, his support and active campaigning lead to some developments at USTR asking for possible sanction against EU and Latin American signatories of Framework Agreement. What’s next? Since the company over years had enjoyed a political support in its business and financed the political regimes, it approached the banana regime with same mindset. Instead of understanding the financial implications and finding ways out to neutralize negative implications through good business planning and action, the company relied more on political links and legal framework. Even on political front he could not keep the Latin American economies together to give a tough fight to the banana regime in Europe. He should have used Germany in getting some relief from the restrictive banana regime as Germany had no areas to provide protection in this trade. The fact that Germany was against the regime could not be used by the company in its favor. Since the company has already invested a lot on political parties in the US, the company should continue lobbying for strict action against EU on banana regime and should put all its weight behind section 301 petitions with USTR. This will certainly provide company with some relief in the longer run. However, the company needs a short term solution to its problems as it is under severe financial pressure. The company must look into its financial statements and try to find out the problem areas. While its US-based competitors are expanding into ACP region, the company cannot afford to be left behind. The company cannot think of such a measure as the company has a cash crisis. The financial statements show that the sales of the company have increased and so have operating income. The problem area seems to be heavy debt. The immediate solution lies in selling reserve land; part of transportation network and other assets in Latin American region and with the proceeds increase cash position and expand in ACP region. This will lead to better market share in Europe and provide some insurance against uncertainties as the plantations would be spread across continents. The company should also try to expand its operations in other crops as it can provide better profitability. All the big competitors in the banana trade seem to be dependent less on banana sales as part of their total sales as compared to Chiquita. The company seems to be too much dependent on a single item and therefore diversification is another option that the company can resort to.